A portable fire extinguisher can stop a small, incipient fire from becoming a life-threatening emergency—but only when it is safe to do so.
Your first actions should be to raise the alarm, call emergency services, and ensure you have a clear exit at your back.

Use an extinguisher only if the fire is small and contained, you have the right type for the fuel involved, and smoke/heat are not placing you at risk.

Know the basics

1. Classes of fire: A (ordinary combustibles), B (flammable liquids), C (energized electrical), D (metals), K/F (cooking oils/fats).

2. Match agent to hazard: Water for Class A, Foam or dry chemical for A/B, CO₂ or Dry Chemical (DC) for B/C, Class K/F Wet Chemical for deep-fat fryers, specialist agents for Class D.

3. Never use water on flammable liquids, energized electrical equipment, or hot oil fires.

4. Read the label: Capacity, classes, and operating instructions are printed on each unit.

5. Use the PASS method

P — Pull the pin.
A — Aim at the base of the fire.
S — Squeeze the handle.
S — Sweep side to side, advancing only if the fire is diminishing.

Before you attempt
Ensure Alarm is raised and authorities are called.(997) Correct extinguisher selected and in working order (gauge in the green and hose/nozzle clear). Fire is small, not spreading rapidly, and you have a clear escape route.

If the fire grows, smoke thickens, or you feel unsafe—evacuate immediately and close doors behind you.